Native plants have no natural defenses against exotic insects, which makes these invasive pests so devastating and able to spread so rapidly once they are introduced. These invaders include the Asian longhorned beetle (ALB), emerald ash borer (EAB), hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), and elongate hemlock scale (EHS).

Native plants have no natural defenses against exotic insects, which makes these invasive pests so devastating and able to spread so rapidly once they are introduced. These invaders include the Asian longhorned beetle (ALB), emerald ash borer (EAB), hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), and elongate hemlock scale (EHS).